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PT-141 (Bremelanotide)
PT-141, also known as Bremelanotide, is a synthetic peptide originally developed from Melanotan II. Unlike traditional treatments, PT-141 works by directly activating receptors in the brain that influence sexual desire. It has been FDA-approved for treating low sexual desire in women and is also studied for its potential benefits in both men and women.
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What is PT-141 (Bremelanotide)?
PT-141, also known as Bremelanotide, is a synthetic peptide that activates melanocortin receptors, primarily MC3R and MC4R, in the central nervous system. It is a derivative of Melanotan II, but unlike its parent compound, PT-141 does not significantly affect skin pigmentation. Instead, it is researched and FDA-approved for its role in enhancing sexual desire and arousal, particularly in women.
Potential Benefits Shown in Studies
- Increasing sexual arousal and libido
- Improving erectile function in men
- Enhancing sexual desire in premenopausal women
- Acting on the central nervous system (not hormones)
- Offering benefits without significantly affecting blood pressure or hormones
- Working independently of testosterone or estrogen levels
Mechanisms of Action
PT-141 acts directly on the nervous system, not the vascular system, which differentiates it from drugs like Viagra or Cialis. It works by:
- Stimulating melanocortin receptors in the brain, enhancing libido
- Increasing sexual arousal by acting on MC4R (linked to arousal and motivation)
- Bypassing hormonal pathways, offering effects even in low-testosterone states
- Triggering natural physiological responses associated with sexual readiness
Molecular Structure of PT-141 (Bremelanotide)
Sequence
Ac-Nle-c[Asp-His-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Lys]-OH
Molecular Properties
Note: PT-141 is a cyclized heptapeptide; similar base as Melanotan II with different terminal modification
PT-141 (Bremelanotide) Research Highlights
PT‑141 (marketed as Vyleesi) received FDA approval in 2019 for treating acquired, generalized HSDD in premenopausal women, offering an as-needed treatment for low desire.
Source: Mayo Clinic
Bremelanotide acts centrally by activating melanocortin receptors—chiefly MC3R and MC4R—in the brain to directly enhance sexual desire and arousal, distinct from vascular-centric treatments.
Source: wikipedia
Phase III clinical trials have demonstrated that Bremelanotide increases sexual desire scores and reduces related psychological distress compared to placebo in women with HSDD.
Source: Functional Medicine
An fMRI-based, double-blind, crossover clinical study found that Bremelanotide alters brain activity—damping self-consciousness while enhancing erotic sensitivity and positive response in women with HSDD.
Source: academic.oup
